ʻO ka uhi pale ahi intumescent
ʻO ka hana o nā ʻupena pale ahi ākea e kūʻē i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe e pili nui ana i kēia mau ʻano:
Hoʻonui ʻia i ka wā e hālāwai ai me ke ahi, e hana ana i kahi papa pale wela kūpono: ʻO kēia kāna hana nui. Ke hōʻike ʻia ka uhi i ke ahi, pane koke nā mea pale lapalapa o loko a me nā ʻāpana hua, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui ma 5 mau manawa a 20 mau manawa a ʻoi aku paha; no ka laʻana, hiki i kahi huahana ke hoʻonui i 20 mau manawa ke 0.6mm ka mānoanoa i ka wā e hālāwai ai me ke ahi, e hana ana i kahi papa kalapona paʻa a i ʻole ka papa keramika. Hiki i kēia papa hoʻonui ke hoʻokaʻawale pono i ka wela a me ka oxygen, e hoʻolohi ana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka substrate. Nā waiwai pale wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka pale wela maikaʻi loa: Hiki i nā uhi ākea kiʻekiʻe ke kū i nā mahana lapalapa kiʻekiʻe loa. No ka laʻana, hiki i kahi huahana ke mālama i ka mahana hope ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 ℃ i loko o 5 mau minuke i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai i ka lapalapa 1000 ℃; hōʻike kekahi noiʻi ma ka lapalapa 850 ℃ no 15 mau minuke, ʻo ka mahana anuanu o ka ʻili he 122.3 ℃ wale nō. Hiki i kekahi mau uhi kūikawā ke loaʻa kahi palena pale wela a hiki i ka 2000 ℃. ʻO ke ʻano porous a vacuum paha i hoʻokumu ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana he haʻahaʻa loa ka conductivity thermal (e like me a hiki i ka 0.022W/mK), e hopena ana i nā hopena insulation wela kupaianaha.
Ma ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka hoʻoili wela ma o ka papa insulation, hiki iā ia ke pale pono i nā substrates e like me nā hale kila, e mālama ana i ko lākou ikaika kūkulu ʻoiai i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. No ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kila, hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ka manawa palekana waiwai nui he 1-3 mau hola a ʻoi aku paha ka lōʻihi no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā limahana a me ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ke ahi.
Nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika maikaʻi: ʻAʻole wale nā uhi ʻano hoʻonui o kēia wā i ke kūpaʻa ahi akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ka pipili ikaika loa (hiki i kekahi ke piʻi i ka pae 0), ke kūpaʻa i ka waikawa a me ka alkali corrosion, ke kūpaʻa i ka wā, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka hopena. Hoʻohana kekahi mau huahana i nā ʻano hana ʻole-solvent a i ʻole ka wai, he launa maikaʻi i ke kaiapuni a haʻahaʻa ka ʻawahia, e hoʻokō ana i nā koi palekana kaiapuni o kēia wā.
